ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ

ἱλάσκομαι (s. two next entries) mid. dep.; fut. ἱλάσομαι LXX; 1 aor. pass. impv. ἱλάσθητι (in mid. mng. ἱλάσθην LXX) (Hom. et al.; ins; LXX [Thackeray 270f]; s. also Dodd and Hill, below).

① to cause to be favorably inclined or disposed, propitiate, conciliate (Il. 1, 100 Apollo; Hdt. 5, 47, 2 an offended Olympic victor; 8, 112, 3 Themistocles; Strabo 4, 4, 6 τὸν θεόν; Cornutus 34 p. 73, 5; Heraclit. Sto. 16 p. 24, 9 τὸν Ἥλιον; Appian, Samn. 12 §6, Hann. 27 §115 θυσίαις κ. εὐχαῖς ἱ. τ. θεούς; Herm. Wr. 1, 22; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 116; Jos., Ant. 6, 124 τὸν θεὸν ἱ.; 8, 112, C. Ap. 1, 308 ἱ. τοὺς θεούς; SibOr 3:625628;). Pass.: of one addressed in prayer, to act as one who has been conciliated, but with focus on the initiative of the one who functions thus: be propitiated, be merciful or gracious (4 Km 24:4; La 3:42; Da 9:19 Theod.) w. dat. (of advantage, Esth 4:17h ἱλάσθητι τ. κλήρῳ σου; cp. also Ps 78:9) ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ (dat. of advantage) have mercy on me, sinner that I am Lk 18:13 (Sb 8511, 7 [ins, imperial times] ἵλαθί μοι, Μανδοῦλι [a divinity]); GJs 5:1 (twice; in the first instance perh. with inf. foll., s. deStrycker 289 n. 2).—B-D-F §314.

② to eliminate impediments that alienate the deity, expiate, wipe out, of Christ as high priest εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ to expiate the sins of the people Hb 2:17 (so Mft. [NRSV ‘make a sacrifice of atonement’] cp. SIG 1042, 15f [=IG II², 1366; II/III A.D.] ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ ἣν οὐ μὴ δύνηται ἐξειλάσασθαι ‘let him be liable to Men Tyrranos for a sin he can have no hope of expiating’ [cp. 1Km 3:14; on this ins s. New Docs 3, no. 6]; Ps 64:4 τὰς ἀσεβείας ἱ.; Dssm., NB 52 [BS 225]; Breytenbach 98).—CDodd, JTS 32, ’31, 352–60; also Dodd 82–95 on ἱ. and related words (against Dodd: LMorris, ET 62, ’51, 227–33; RNicole, WTJ 17, ’55, 117–57; in support: NYoung, EvQ 55, ’83, 169–76); SLyonnet, Verbum Domini 37, ’59, 336–52, Sin, Redemption and Sacrifice, ’70, 120–66, 256–61; DHill, Gk. Words and Hebrew Mngs. ’67, 23–48; KGraystone, Ἱλάσκεσθαι and Related Words in the LXX: NTS 27, ’81, 640–56; GHorsley, New Docs, 3, 25 (on Graystone and Hill); JFitzmyer, ‘Reconciliation’ in Pauline Theology, in: No Famine in the Land (McKenzie Festschr.) ’75, 155–77; JLunceford, An Historical and Exegetical Inquiry into the NT Meaning of the ἹΛΑΣΚΟΜΑΙ Cognates, diss. Baylor ’79; CBreytenbach, Versöhnung ’89.—DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

ἱλᾰσ-κομαι, [tense] fut. ἱλάσομαι [ᾰ] Pl. Phd. 95a, [dialect] Ep. ἱλάσσομαι Orac. ap. Paus.8.42.6, also

A

ἱλάξομαι A.R. 2.808

: [tense] aor. 1 ἱλᾰσάμην, [dialect] Ep. part.

ἱλασσάμενοι Il.1.100

, [dialect] Ep. subj. [ per.] 2sg.

ἱλάσσεαι 1.147

,

- ηαι A.R.3.1037

; inf.

ἱλάσσασθαι Ant.Lib.25.2

codd.; also

ἱλάξασθαι A.R.1.1093

:—[voice] Pass. (v. infr. 11). [[pron. full] ῑ regularly (written ι, not ει, SIG1044.6,9 (Halic., iv/iii B.C.)); [pron. full] ῐ Il.1.100, 147]: ([etym.] ἵλαος):— appease, in Hom. always of gods, θεὸν ἱ. ib. 386, cf. 100, al., Od.3.419;

μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο Il.1.472

; σπονδῇσι θύεσσί τε ἱλάσκεσθαι (sc. θεούς) Hes.Op. 338;

ὄφρ' ἡμῖν ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι Il.1.147

; c. part., ἱλάσκομαι πέμπων by presenting, Pi.O.7.9; τοῦτον (sc. θεὸν)

ἱλάσκου ποῶν μηδὲν ἄτοπον Men.Epit. 558

; of the dead as heroized,

θυσίῃσί τινα ἱ. Hdt.5.47

.

2 of men, conciliate,

ἱ. τινὰ χρήμασι Id.8.112

; πῶς ἱλασόμεθα καὶ τίνι λόγῳ; Pl.Phd.l.c.;

ἱ. τὴν ὀργήν τινος Plu.Cat.Mi.61

.

3 expiate,

τὰς ἁμαρτίας Ep.Hebr.2.17

.

II [voice] Pass. with [tense] fut. ἱλάσομαι, also ἱλασθής ομαι v.l. in LXX 4 Ki.5.18: [tense] aor. 1 ἱλάσθην ib.Ex.32.14,al.:—to be merciful, gracious, τινι ll.cc.;

ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ Ev.Luc.18.13

;

ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις τινῶν LXXPs.77(78).38

: c. inf., ἱλάσθη κύριος περιποιῆσαι τὸν λαόν ib.Ex.32.14.